Situational Transformational Transactional -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Situational Transformational Transactional? Answer: Introduction Tom has been recently promoted to a new managerial position and he is kind of overconfident with his expertise. He is not ready to listen to the advice that his boss has to share with him. He was not really clear with the exact business demand. In other words, they were not really sure about what is the exact Kiosk business demand that would attract the attention of the customers (Berson et al. 2015). Employees need a reason to care about contributing One of the managerial issues that were present in this company was perhaps the lack of motivation or the lack of a reason to contribute towards the overall growth of the company. Frank must try and use methods that would motivate all his employees. He must try the method of praising and appreciating his employees and their ideas. Though Tom seems very ambitious and is not ready to get the guidance of any of his superiors, but he does have some very good expertise in his own filed. So, if Frank keeps on overhearing them then Tom would no longer feel wanted within the company. Managers need to create a positive work environment The managers did not put forward any effort to make a positive environment for the employees. In the strategic planning meeting, there was a constant clash of interest between Tom and Frank Davis. Even during the meeting, they were not very confident regarding their agenda. Tom was not ready to take any suggestions from Frank and vice versa (Avolio 2016). Egotism and overconfidence of employees Egotism of the employees often becomes one of the major problems. The same was happening in the given scenario. Tom was ambitious and was overconfident about his skill and his expertise. As a result of this, he was not even ready to take any piece of advice from his superiors. So, this was becoming a major issue in the path of progress of Tom in particular and the overall organization in general. The above-mentioned issues are likely to cause several impacts on the business organization. If there is such a miscommunication and confusion among the senior management employees then it is likely to have a very big impact on the morale of the other employees. They will be suffering from this constant fear and threat that if this is the condition among the two senior managers or the leaders then there will be no one to guide them in future. They will also be very afraid about their future growth and development. They might feel that their voices will never be heard within the organization and they will always be dominated by their bosses. If these issues are not resolved then there will be a major problem in the overall production of the company. There will be a constant problem in communication among the employees. There will be power struggle going on around in the company. No one will be ready to take the opinion of others. It is clearly evident from the behavior of Tom. He feel s that whatever knowledge he has is sufficient and he does not need to follow the advice of any of his superiors. Similarly, Frank who is Toms boss, must also be a bit tolerant towards Tom and must at least pay some attention in listening to his ideas. The leaders or the bosses will have to be tolerant and patiently deal with any and every issues that their followers. It is true that Tom is new to his promoted post and is not very well acquainted with all the job roles and responsibilities, he is also way too ambitious, but Frank must realize that Being a leader it is his responsibility to help Tom realize his mistakes and correct them. The three motivation theories that must be used in the context of the above-given scenario are as follows McGregors theory X and theory Y talks about two different sets of human behavior that is visible within any business organization. It can be seen in the given scenario that Tom does not like any change in his routine work schedule. Though he has been promoted to a new post he likes to concentrate on his own projects and plans rather than listening to his boss Frank. So, tom's present behavior can be categorized under theory x. So, it is wise for Frank to apply theory Y which will make Tom much more responsible and he will also become obedient towards Frank. For doing this Frank can reward Tom for his excellent work or can at least listen to Toms business ideas and views rather than rejecting them fully. Frank can also apply Herzbergs motivation theory. There are two different factors namely hygiene factors and motivators. Tom currently is demotivated by the hygiene factors (Lawter, Kopelman and Prottas 2015). He does not like the constant supervision by Frank. He is also uncomfortabl e with the working conditions as well. He resents the fact that his business ideas are constantly being overlooked by Frank and he is also being asked by his seniors to work on his behavior and to take suggestions from other managers in order to gain the expertise. All these factors are demoralizing Tom. So, if Frank applies the motivators then perhaps he will be able to make things right for Tom. He has to use methods like recognition, level of responsibility. Frank must try to recognize the expertise and the talents of Tom to some extent and must believe him with the assigned responsibilities. Frank can also use the Maslows hierarchy theory (Anderson 2014). For ensuring that the employees are motivated, Frank has to ensure that all the needs of an employee have to be fulfilled. So, he has to focus on the safety needs, the belongingness need and also the esteem needs. The sense of belongings has to be inculcated among all he employees working within the organization and particularly within Tom. If Frank constantly keeps on rebuking Tom for everything and does not pay any attention to whatever he has to say then Tom will never be able to feel that he is a part of the organization. He will suffer from this feeling that he is being ignored at every step and he is not being accepted by his Boss and also by rest of his co workers. On the other hand Tom also needs to be corrected because he is not ready to listen to the advices of his superiors. So, it is advised that that If Frank wants to amend all these situations in his organization, then he will have to implement all these r ules. He will have to make sure that all the efforts that Tom has given so far are recognized properly and are rewarded and recognized so that Tom can feel wanted within the organization. Selection and recruitment This method must be used in this company as it will help to make a proper selection among the employees for the respective posts. There are many different methods that must be followed by the management before selecting the employee for the post. Though Tom is a very talented employee he is way too ambitious and does not really want to stay under the guidance or the supervision of any of his superiors. So, this would not have happened if Frank had done an analysis previously about Tom or would have taken a vote from the rest of the employees regarding Toms conduct with them. So, from now on he must follow this process so that he has complete information about the employee before hiring him for a particular post. The information will not only be about the talents or the knowledge of the employee but also about the behavior and the conduct of the same (Hitka and BalÃ… ¾ov 2015). There has to be a proper selection method and a voting system that will help in selecting the right employee . Performance management This process will also be very much helpful in the context of this particular organization because it seems that there is a strong miscommunication among the employees. There is also a huge clash of interests taking place between Frank and Tom. In order to ensure that this does not cause any harmful effects on the overall performance of Tom, Frank must use several methods like emphasizing on the appraisal process, awards and recognition and several other such methods. If Frank wants to improve the present situation within the organization, then he has to ensure complete employee satisfaction. He must give Tom some freedom so that he is able to manage his work independently (Matthews et al. 2015). Two of the leadership theories that Frank must use in order to improve the current situation of his organization are as follows As it can be seen that currently the situation in Frank's organization is quite disturbing and there are several clashes of opinions taking place between Frank and Tom. This is also creating a harmful impact on the rest of the employees. In order to handle this situation, Frank must use the theory of situational leadership. In other words, he must act as per the need of the situation. In this situation, Frank must try to support and motivate Tom. Frank must lead Tom in a right way. He must recognize the efforts and the ideas of Tom and must show him his faults in a polite and friendly manner. Frank must not use abuse or accuse Tom of his misconduct rather he must be friendly towards Tom and must show him the right path to proceed (McCleskey 2014). The situation demands that Tom has to be guided properly by Frnak. Transformational leadership Frank must follow this particular theory of leadership so that he can bring about a change in the present behavior of Tom. Tom has been promoted to a new post and he is not really aware of the fact that he needs to learn from his seniors as well. He thinks that whatever he knows is enough and he does not want to follow the orders of his superiors. This mentality, however, needs a change or a transformation. Frank has to bring about this change by making Tom understand that taking the help from his coworkers and his seniors will guide him in the long run (Banks et al. 2016). References Alshmemri, M., Shahwan-Akl, L. and Maude, P., 2017. Herzbergs two-factor theory.Life Science Journal,14(5). Anderson, A., 2014. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.The Prairie Light Review,36(2), p.7. Avolio, B.J., Keng-Highberger, F.T., Schaubroeck, J., Trevino, L.K. and Kozlowski, S.W., 2016, January. How Follower Attributes Affect Ratings of Ethical and Transformational Leadership. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2016, No. 1, p. 16854). Academy of Management. Banks, G.C., McCauley, K.D., Gardner, W.L. and Guler, C.E., 2016. A meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership: A test for redundancy.The Leadership Quarterly,27(4), pp.634-652. Berson, Y., Halevy, N., Shamir, B. and Erez, M., 2015. How should leaders construct and communicate their messages to most effectively motivate their employees? We offer an integrative framework to address the diverging and complementary nature of two established approaches to employee motivation: Vision communication and goal setting. Specifically, while vision communication involves formulating relatively abstract, far-reaching, and timeless messages,...The Leadership Quarterly,26(2), pp.143-155. Greiner, B., 2015. Subject pool recruitment procedures: organizing experiments with ORSEE.Journal of the Economic Science Association,1(1), pp.114-125. Hitka, M. and BalÃ… ¾ov, Ã… ½., 2015. The impact of age, education and seniority on motivation of employees.Business: Theory and practice,16, p.113. Lawter, L., Kopelman, R.E. and Prottas, D.J., 2015. McGregor's theory X/Y and job performance: A multilevel, multi-source analysis.Journal of Managerial Issues,27(1-4), p.84. Matthews, J., Love, P. E., Heinemann, S., Chandler, R., Rumsey, C., Olatunj, O. (2015). Real time progress management: Re-engineering processes for cloud-based BIM in construction.Automation in Construction,58, 38-47. McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), p.1

Ada Lovelace - Mathematics and Computer Pioneer

Ada Lovelace - Mathematics and Computer Pioneer Ada Augusta Byron was the only legitimate child of the Romantic poet, George Gordon, Lord Byron. Her mother was Anne Isabella Milbanke who took the baby at one month old away from her fathers home. Ada Augusta Byron never saw her father again; he died when she was eight. Ada Lovelaces mother, who had studied mathematics herself, decided that her daughter would be spared the fathers eccentricities by studying more logical subjects like math and science, rather than literature or poetry. Young Ada Lovelace showed a genius for math from an early age. Her tutors included William Frend, William King and Mary Somerville. She also learned music, drawing and languages, and became fluent in French. Ada Lovelace met Charles Babbage in 1833, and became interested in a model he had constructed of a mechanical device to compute values of quadratic functions, the Difference Engine. She also studied his ideas on another machine, the Analytical Engine, which would use punched cards to read instructions and data for solving mathematical problems. Babbage also became Lovelaces mentor, and helped Ada Lovelace begin mathematical studies with Augustus de Moyan in 1840 at the University of London. Babbage himself never wrote about his own inventions, but in 1842, an Italian engineer Manabrea (later Italys prime minister) described Babbages Analytical Engine in an article published in French. Augusta Lovelace was asked to translate this article into English for a British scientific journal. She added many notes of her own to the translation, since she was familiar with Babbages work. Her additions showed how Babbages Analytical Engine would work, and gave a set of instructions for using the Engine for calculating Bernoulli numbers. She published the translation and notes under the initials A.A.L, concealing her identity as did many women who published before women were more accepted as intellectual equals. Augusta Ada Byron married a William King (though not the same William King who had been her tutor) in 1835. In 1838 her husband became the first Earl of Lovelace, and Ada became countess of Lovelace. They had three children. Ada Lovelace unknowingly developed an addiction to prescribed drugs including laudanum, opium and morphine, and displayed classic mood swings and withdrawal symptoms. She took up gambling and lost most of her fortune. She was suspected of an affair with a gambling comrade. In 1852, Ada Lovelace died of uterine cancer. She was buried next to her famous father. More than a hundred years after her death, in 1953, Ada Lovelaces notes on Babbages Analytical Engine were republished after having been forgotten. The engine was now recognized as a model for a computer, and Ada Lovelaces notes as a description of a computer and software. In 1980, the U.S. Department of Defense settled on the name Ada for a new standardized computer language, named in honor of Ada Lovelace. Fast Facts Known for:  creating the concept of an operating system or softwareDates:  December 10, 1815 - November 27, 1852Occupation:  mathematician, computer pioneerEducation:  University of LondonAlso known as:  Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace; Ada King Lovelace Books About Ada Lovelace Moore, Doris Langley-Levy.  Countess of Lovelace: Byrons Legitimate Daughter. Toole, Betty A. and Ada King Lovelace.  Ada, the Enchantress of Numbers: Prophet of the Computer Age.  1998. Woolley, Benjamin.  The Bride of Science: Romance, Reason and Byrons Daughter.  2000. Wade, Mary Dodson.  Ada Byron Lovelace: the Lady and the Computer.  1994. Grades 7-9.

Healthcare Reform vs. socialized medicine Essays

Healthcare Reform vs. socialized medicine Essays Healthcare Reform vs. socialized medicine Paper Healthcare Reform vs. socialized medicine Paper I am interested in the concept of health care reform because it has been a major issue in many states within the United States. I have personal experience with the expense of health insurance and have seen the consequences of people being force to live without health insurance. I understand that most of the world ahs socialized medicine and that the United States has some forms of socialized medicine. Therefore, I wonder if it would be easier to switch to an overall form of socialized medicine or if it would be easier to put in place other reforms. Significance: Changes in the American healthcare system will be significant for everyone in the country. Regardless of your current health, it is important for people to know if they have healthcare available to them and if so, how much it will cost. In previous generations, most people ahd health care provided by their employers, but this does not appear to be likely in the future. https://healtheappointments.com/social-problems-in-morocco-essays/ In addition, if enacted socialized medicine will have a dramatic influence on the American economy and tax structure. Essay Plan: Working thesis: Based on current healthcare issues, it is likely that the American government will switch to a form of socialized medicine rather than try to reform the existing system. 1. Socialized medicine is already in place in the Untied States in some forms. Medicare for the elderly and Medicaid for the poor are single-payor health care systems in which the government pays for health care. -Onservatins regarding number of people in the U.S already on socialized healthcare. _Evidence of the trend of some states to move to socialized medicine at the state level. _Examples from California and Illinois regarding statewide programs for socialized healthcare for children. 2. Socialized medicine is that standard worldwide and the United States is being unfairly compared to other countries worldwide. _Examples of World Health Organization standards that the Untied States is failing to meet. _Quantifiable health standards in the United States which need improvement. _Discuss the concept that health care is only available to the rich. _Discuss charge that American system allows the wealthy to live longer, healthier lives and punishes the poor. 3. The solutions that healthcare industry professionals are suggesting fall short of the overall need and desire of the American public. -Discuss proposals from healthcare industry for reform. _Explain how prospective changes would improve the healthcare system. _Compare proposed solutions to the existing problems and evaluate whether they would address the needs of the country. Outline Health Care Reform vs. Socialized Medicine THESIS: The United States is more likely to move towards socialized medicine than to reform the current health care industry. I.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Current Industry A.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medicare B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medicaid C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Private Insurance II.  Ã‚   Socialized medicine worldwide A.  Ã‚  Ã‚   World Health Organization standards B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   International Health Issues III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Proposed Solutions A.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Industry reform 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lower malpractice costs 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lower education costs 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lower insurance costs B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Socialized medicine Additional references: American Medical Student Association paper on socialized healthcare: amsa.org/uhc/ The Case for a Single Payor System: http://cthealth.server101.com/the_case_for_universal_health_care_in_the_united_states.htm

ERG international,inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ERG international,inc - Essay Example The case study of Environmental Research Groups International, Inc. (ERG) proffered issues pertinent to evaluating the overall business plan and future prospects of the organization given previous experiences. ERG is currently owned by spouses Claude and Sherrie Robbins, who both have been instrumental in steering the company from its meager beginnings as a two-person operating entity, to an organization spanning the areas of energy, natural resources, and the environment. With a just recently lost bid for a 5-year, $12 million contract for the Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) technical services hotline, Claude Robbins remains optimistic of the future thrusts and prospects for the organization. 2. Executive Summary The study aims to present an understanding of facts and situations that need to be addressed given diverse areas that impact ERG’s operations. The paper would be outlined by initially presenting a summary of the business plan of ERG with i dentified objectives. Likewise, the discourse would delve into relevant details of the business including a brief historical background of the company, its products and its development and growth process. The company’s strengths and weaknesses would likewise be identified; including the main issues that currently face the organization. Finally, the factors that contributed to ERG’s success and the key factors affecting the industry, in general, would be determined, prior to discussing the proposed strategies that would be recommended to achieve identified goals. A. Brief Summary of Plan To achieve growth goals of increasing revenue and size, ERG plans to focus on using government and utilities as their target markets with large and mid-size contracts. The organization likewise plans to target the private sector through focusing on the top 1000 Fortune companies. ERG would offer services ranging from developing, managing, and evaluating demand-side management (DSM) prog rams, conservation programs, and alternative supply side options; as well as the development of innovative options for fuel consumption and improved technological efficiencies. The strategies that are planned to be used, as envisioned by ERG’s personnel are: â€Å"(1) creating a board of directors, composed partly of influential industry insiders who were likely to be aware of requests for proposals, (2) spreading out the marketing function by providing incentives to existing staff for obtaining future contracts, and (3) hiring a person whose sole task would be to solicit projects, with compensation tied to acceptance rate or profitability† (Winn 12). B. Major Objectives According to Claude L. Robbins, President of ERG, there are growth plans for the organization, to wit: â€Å"using government and utilities as a base, ERG would like to (a) expand our federal government contracts, particularly multi-year small business (and Woman-Owned Business) set-asides (which we h ave not actively pursued in the past), (b) develop long term consulting relationships with public and private utilities that are developing, managing, and evaluating demand-side management programs, conservation programs, and alternative supply side options (including cogeneration, and alternative fuels), (c) increase current work level for present client base. In the private sector ERG would like to focus on: (a) working with Fortune 1000 companies to develop energy efficiency and conservation policy as well as developing energy efficient buildings, (b) developing private sector industrial DSM and conservation programs, and (c) work with companies to develop/test new energy efficient technology† (Winn 11). As clearly indicated, the goal for the company is â€Å"to increase ERG's revenues and its size substantially over the next five years† (Winn 11). 3. History of the Business A. Background of the Company The company was originally formed by spouses Claude and Sherrie Robbins on Valentine’

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Economics - Essay Example This is the biggest quarterly raise in the series since the period of March 2007 to May 2007. Part-time employment raised by 3,000 during the quarter to arrive at 7.93 million. During the period of December 2010 - February 2011, â€Å"there were 929.4 million hours worked, up 11.0 million over the quarter and up 15.8 million on the year. Average hours worked per week were 31.8, up 0.2 over the quarter and up 0.1 over the year† (UK Statistics, pp. 1-21). This raise in standard hours worked took place completely with permanent employees. Government has failed to bridge the gap that existed between the poorest and wealthiest within society during the 1980s. During the most recent decade, income inequality has lessened a little and has stabilised on a number of measures, but the huge inequality growth of the 1980s has not been rectified (Sen, p.101). The UK has the eighth most terrible level of income inequality of the 27 members of European Union. The number of individuals living unaccompanied or in single-parent family units raised in the UK more quickly than in all other nations; standard size of family unit in the UK decreased from 2.6 percent to 2.3 percent between 1995 and 2010. Income shortage - that is, a family unit with less than half the nation's average earning - declined from 13 percent 11 percent in the UK during the same time frame. Trends in UK Labour Market Labour market is not a homogeneous phenomenon across the UK. Various parts of the UK have labour markets that differ across a range of aspects, not least the sort of professional openings that they present in addition to the percentage of employments in different sectors and on different income levels that they support. There is a little proof that good, highly paid, high skilled jobs and low paid, low skilled employment are both becoming more intense in some particular regions, leading to a polarisation of the service opportunities facing various societies. This has two inferences for ed ucational provision. First, the extent and excellence of prospects accessible to young individuals through the job-based route in regions with a concentration of meagre professions may be satisfied, and that related issues might focus on the provision of a sufficient number and quality of job placements for individuals pursuing education-based professional offerings. Second, in some particulars regions the inducements on offer to youngsters, from many of the opportunities within the local labour market will be weak (Hills, p.194). Income inequality in the UK grew speedily during 1977 and 1990, reaching a highest point since the war. The rate at which inequality arose in the UK was quicker than in any other nation with the exemption of New Zealand. During 1999 and 2010, the poorest 20 percent to 30 percent of the population failed to gain from financial growth, contrary to the rest of the post-war phase. Reasons for Income Inequality in UK Income inequality has a lot of reasons, a fe w of which are quite apparent, others which remain unidentified and yet others which stay uncertain. On a structural level, the central reason of income inequality is variations in â€Å"hours worked per family unit per year† (Jenkins & Micklewright, p.39). Besides overall hours worked, income inequality is because of dissimilar rates of earnings per hour, as well as unearned income, and the reasons of these

The ancient civilizations of Egypt and China Essay Example for Free

The ancient civilizations of Egypt and China Essay The ancient civilizations of Egypt and China were very similar in many different aspects. Their governments and their geography were extremely alike and the religions of the two civilizations had only tiny differences. The early Egyptians also had the same concept of writing as the Chinese people who lived across the continent from them. Suprisingly, these two ancient civilizations that existed very far away from each other show a enormous amount of similarities in almost every area. The government of Ancient Egypt was headed by a king (in the New kingdom, the king assumed the name pharaoh) with absolute power. Different dynasties, or a line of rulers from the same family, would rule Egypt. Each ruler was considered to be a god whose orders were undisputable. However, the government was not only a monarchy; it was a theocracy. The king would perform religious rituals to help the harvest because this would ensure prosperity in Egypt. Likewise, the Chinese government also consisted of an emperor that would belong to a dynasty. Like in Egypt, a dynasty could rule until it would be eventually overthrown. The Chinese kings would also perform religious duties; they prayed, sacrificed, gave offerings and used oracle bones to call upon their ancestors. Both the Chinese and the Egyptian governments had similar structure and duties. If one took a look at China and Egypts geography, one would notice that they are quite similar. The natural barriers of the two civilizations are akin to each other. China has the Pacific Ocean and the Bay of Bengal to protect it from an attack on land. Equally, Egypt has the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea as an effective natural barrier against non-naval attacks. Also, deserts protect the two civilizations. While Egypt has the Libyan and Nubian Deserts, China is equipped with the Gobi Desert. Both China and Egypt have huge rivers located in them. While Egypts pride, the Nile River, is a huge producer of food and life, China has three major rivers, the Huang He, the Chang Jiang, and the Xi Jiang. The ancient Chinese and the ancient Egyptians were both polytheistic, which caused them to be very similar. The Egyptians believed that the gods were usually part human and part animal each gods each played a different role.  There were a few main gods that everybody worshipped and there were also local gods for different regions of Egypt. Egyptians also believed in a happy afterlife for everybody, in which you could only take along things you were buried with to your afterlife. The early Chinese peoples also believed in many deities and they thought that if they made sacrifices and offerings to their gods, then they would be rewarded. There were gods for everything, like in the Egyptian religion; each god would represent something. The ancient civilizations of Egypt and China were very similar. The government in both places was similarly set up and the geography of China was very much alike to the geography of Egypt. Religion was also a common trait of these two civilizations. Strangely, considering these two cultures developed isolated from each other, they share a lot of common traits.

Anabolic Steroids :: essays research papers

If someone guaranteed you amazing results in the weight room with minimal effort by just taking a pill would you take it? You probably would! But, if you knew that these pills could potentially knock 20 years off your life. Would you take it then? You would be suprised to find out how many people would answer yes to that question. In the past three decades, steroids have become a serious problem, more than ever in the athletic field. It is reported that over 3 million athletes and bodybuilders alone have used anabolic steroids . Steroids are a drug that include the male sex hormones, principally, testosterone and estrogen, the female sex hormone. To begin quite simply, it is apparent to most people that men tend to be larger than women. Indeed, a clear cut example of a difference between the sexes is the relative muscle mass. In men the most important growth builder is testosterone, which is made from the cells of the testes. Approximately 8 mg of testosterone is created daily, most of which is metabolized by the liver and excreted through the body in urine form. Testosterone is also present in the blood plasma of women, being derived from the ovaries and adrenal glands, in amounts roughly 30 times less than that found in men. Among the many effects of these androgens is the general growth on the body tissues and an increase in muscle strength. One of the main effects of anabolic steroids is to increase the number of red blood cells and muscle tissue without producing much of the androgenic effects of testosterone. Steroids have been around since the 1950`s and have been used by athletes as a means of improving appearance, muscle mass and strength. The first people to use anabolic steroids for athletic enhancement were the Russians who discovered the drug and had great success. Soon after scientists discovered how to make artificial testosterone and eliminate some of the dangerous side effects. This is when anabolic steroids were first born. Since then they have become very available in almost every country and local gym. Steroids were first developed for medical purposes. They're used in controlling inflammation, strengthening weakened hearts, preventing conception, and alleviating symptoms of arthritis and asthma. There are only three legal uses for steroids, treatment for certain forms of cancer, pituitary dwarfism, and serious hormone disturbances. Unfortunately research has shown that steroids have been abused in almost every kind of sport including professional football, power lifting and bodybuilding.